recipients is a comma-separated (Ecommerce web host) list of addresses that
recipients is a comma-separated list of addresses that will be substituted for the alias. The recipient list may be continued across newlines if the next line begins with whitespace. A special feature allows Exim to handle mailing lists that are held separately from the alias file: if you specify :include:filename as a recipient, Exim reads the specified file and substitutes its contents as a list of recipients. An alternative to handling mailing lists is shown later in this chapter in “Mailing Lists”. The main aliases file is /etc/aliases. If you make this file world-writable or group-writeable, Exim will refuse to use it and will defer local deliveries. You can control the test it applies to the file’s permissions by setting mode- mask in the system_aliases director. This is a sample aliases file: # vbrew.com /etc/aliases file hostmaster: janet postmaster: janet usenet: phil # The development mailing list. development: joe, sue, mark, biff, /var/mail/log/development owner-development: joe # Announcements of general interest are mailed to all # of the staff announce: :include: /etc/Exim/staff, /var/mail/log/announce owner-announce: root # gate the ppp mailing list to a local newsgroup ppp-list: “|/usr/local/bin/gateit local.lists.ppp” When there are file names and pipe commands in an alias file, as here, Exim needs to be told which userid to run the deliveries under. The user option (and possibly group, too) must be set in Exim’s configuration file, either on the director that is handling the aliases, or on the transports to which it directs these items. If an error occurs while delivering to an address generated from the aliases file, Exim will send a bounce message to the sender of the message, as usual, but this might not be appropriate. The errors_to option can be used to specify that bounce messages are to be sent elsewhere; for example, to the postmaster. Mailing Lists Instead of the aliases file, mailing lists may also be managed by means a forwardfile director. The lists are all kept in a single directory such as /etc/exim/lists/, and a mailing list named nag-bugs is described by the file lists/nag-bugs. This should contain the members’ addresses separated by commas or newlines. Lines beginning with a hash sign (#) are treated as comments. A simple director to use such data is as follows: lists: driver = forwardfile file = /etc/exim/lists/${local_part} no_check_local_user errors_to = ${local_part}-request When this director runs, the values of the file and errors_to options are expanded. Expansion causes certain portions of the strings beginning with dollar characters to be replaced every time the string is used. The simplest kind of expansion is the insertion of the value of one of Exim’s variables, and this is what is happening here. The substring ${local_part} substitutes the value of the $local_part, which is the local part of the address that is being processed. For each mailing list, a user (or alias or mailing list) named listname-request should exist; any errors occurring when resolving an address or delivering to a list member are reported to this address.